F  The spaces are labeled FACE starting with the first space at the bottom.

The name of a note is used to designate the pitch of a sound.

F 





The Alto Clef is directly in the middle of the staff, in a piece of sheet music.



C B

C  E

Anglo-Saxons use the first 7 letters of the alphabet to name the musical notes. F

B 



This convention, resulting from the religious music of the Middle Ages, is used in Latin-speaking countries (France, Italy, Spain, etc.) Note names, MIDI numbers and frequencies are related here in tables and via an application that converts them. D  A  There are 7 musical notes and several different conventions to name them. To make learning easier, it is important to know the notes in the ascending and descending directions: do si la sol fa mi ré do. B 
The second line of the treble clef is known as the G line. frequency G 

E  This convention, prior to the Latin convention and resulting from Pope Gregory, is also used by Latin countries to name the chords and key signatures in jazz, rock and contemporary music.

Music is written down using notes on a staff.



m for the note A4 is 69 and increases by one for each equal tempered semitone, so this gives us a simple conversion between frequencies and MIDI numbers (again using 440 Hz as the pitch of A4): m  =  12*log2(fm/440 Hz) + 69     and    fm  =  2(m−69)/12(440 Hz).

(i.e. A 

F 


A 

The lines are labeled GBDFA (Good Boys Deserve Fudge Always) starting at the bottom line and going up to the top line. The spaces are labeled FACE starting with the first space at the bottom. Many do not learn this clef, as it is primarily only used for the viola, the viola da gamba, the alto trombone, and the mandola.

D 

to note converter. G Having technical difficulties or errors on this page? E 

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