It mostly occurs word-finally, but in some cases it may also occur word-medially. I use WIKI 2 every day and almost forgot how the original Wikipedia looks like. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Syncopation of a medial syllable lengthens the preceding syllable. A front vowel did historically occur there, but was lost, leaving the palatalization as its only trace (a form of cheshirization). Single-syllable words are always overlong, if they have a long syllable. Home; Books; Search; Support. There are many minimal pairs and also some minimal triplets which differ only by length: The extra length distinction has a number of origins: Paul Marciano Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. Recent loanwords may have voiced initial plosives, however. Diphthongs are always inherently long. After unstressed syllables or in consonant clusters, only obstruents can be long, other consonants are always short. Syllables ending in a short vowel are short, while syllables ending in a long vowel, diphthong or consonant are long. In loanwords, the original stress can be borrowed as well: ideaal ('ideal'), professor ('professor').

Like the vowels, most consonants can be inherently short or long. Furthermore, long vowels and diphthongs have two suprasegmental lengths. Like the vowels, most consonants can be inherently short or long. Word-initially, obstruents are always voiceless, while the remaining consonants are always short. This article is about the phonology and phonetics of the Estonian language. [7], The suprasegmental length is not indicated in the standard orthography except for the plosives for which a single voiceless letter represents a half-long consonant while a double voiceless letter represents an overlong consonant.

A long syllable with suprasegmental length is termed "overlong", "long", "heavy" or "length III", denoted in IPA as ⟨ː⟩ or ⟨ːː⟩.
Volume 1: Phonology, Morphology, Wordformation Tauli 1983 Standard Estonian Grammar. When it appears between non-high vowels, the intervocalic, The stops are voiceless unaspirated, but the short versions can be partially, After unstressed syllables or in consonant clusters, only. Both the regular short-long distinction and the suprasegmental length are distinctive, so that Estonian effectively has three distinctive vowel and consonant lengths, the distinction between the second and third length levels being at a level larger than the phoneme, such as the syllable or the foot. Simple vowels can be inherently short or long, written with single and double vowel letters respectively. There are a few exceptions with the stress on the second syllable: aitäh ('thanks'), sõbranna ('female friend'). The extra length distinction has a number of origins: Congratulations on this excellent venture… what a great idea! A vowel characteristic of Estonian is the unrounded back vowel /ɤ/, which may be close-mid back, close back, or close-mid central. https://paul-marciano.fandom.com/wiki/Estonian_phonology?oldid=8739, When it appears between non-high vowels, the intervocalic, The stops are voiceless unaspirated, but the short versions can be partially.

Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. A long syllable without suprasegmental length is termed "long", "half-long", "light" or "length II" and is denoted in IPA as ⟨ˑ⟩ or ⟨ː⟩. The development of these features has been influenced by language contacts in the circum-Baltic linguistic area. Palatalization is not indicated in the standard orthography. That is, voiced plosives only occur next to a vowel or a sonorant. The stress is weak, and as length levels already control an aspect of "articulation intensity", most words appear evenly stressed. A long syllable with suprasegmental length is termed "overlong", "long", "heavy" or "length III", denoted in IPA as ⟨ː⟩ or ⟨ːː⟩. [6] In addition to realizing greater phonetic duration, overlength in modern Estonian involves a pitch distinction where falling pitch is realized in syllables that are overlong and level pitch is realized in syllables that are short or long. There are very few instances of vowel allophony; for instance, the long /y/ is pronounced as the diphthong [yi] in certain[which?] This distinction only applies fully for single consonants after stressed syllables. When a syllable has this feature, any long vowel or diphthong in the syllable is lengthened further, as is any long consonant or consonant cluster at the end of that syllable. For assistance with IPA transcriptions of Estonian for Wikipedia articles, see.

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