Youre talking about the London sound! Because of the immense wear over the decades, Lee has made a few modifications to the bass. After a while, the Wal bass almost replaced his Steinbergs entirely. Like Les, he has this rhythmic thing that is from a different generation to mine, but he combines it with all these other things. Reproduction of any part of this website without direct permission is prohibited. Lees Hagstrm rocked countless parties and school dances in the early years playing with Alex Lifeson, but it wasnt quite the bass Lee had his eyes set on. It had a thicker neck than the Steinberg, which made it easier to play for his style. Hidden comments will still appear to the user and to the user's Facebook friends. anonymously (anonymous users cannot post links). The Ox! England and Wales company registration number 2008885. Geddy Lees iconic double-neck guitar was a black Rickenbacker 4080. Surprisingly, the pickups are completely original. He instantly realized it had a very good sound and that it was super easy to playand play fast! Geddy Lee used an Orange AD200B bass head to push an OBC410 cabinet for his sound. "@type": "ListItem", This is a feature that Lee uses for most of his basses. MTB: 0021377/MG, Joe Elliott recalls his first encounter with Mtley Cre, Alice Cooper announce new 2023 tour dates, See Debbie Harry net worth, lifestyle, family, biography, house and cars, Slash says which is his biggest weakness as a guitarist. Sorry, we couldn't get enough of Loverboy at the time. He just loved the clean, punchy sound and swapped over to playing Rics almost exclusively for many years. Weve become friends over the years and I have so much respect for him. He replaced the neck in 2010 with a Fender Custom Shop neck built to his specifications. Well, $200 didnt seem too bad for bass, so Lee bought it. Bill Bruford, who is connected to Yes and one of my favourite drummers from that period, did a couple of solo albums that really affected me. Jos Aldo: "Escola de Lutas Jos Aldo", a social project [Spoiler] [FULL FIGHT] Eduardo Dantas vs. Darrion Caldwell. I was always a Rush fan and he was the perfect drummer for them. You can hear him talk about it in an interview with Fender (along with the story of how he found his original 72). The first book is titled Geddy Chokes his Chicken, which laughs at Lees lifelong masturbation addiction. As if the bass guitar and lead vocals werent enough responsibility for one person, Geddy Lee is also Rushs keyboard player. Geddy Lee Weinrib, OC (born Gary Lee Weinrib; July 29, 1953), known professionally as Geddy Lee, is a Canadian musician, singer, and songwriter best known as "item": { So, he went home, grabbed the old pawn shop Fender, and headed back to the studio. Hes got this very original attitude and fresh approach with this highly creative, albeit quirky, player.. "name": "Rock Features" Ever since its release, the Geddy Lee Signature Jazz Bass has been one of the top-selling signature models Fender has ever created. Geddy Lee shredded the double-neck from 1977 into the 1980s, but his guitar was a bit different than the other multi-neck rockers of the day. I am a Brazilian journalist, a Classic Rock and Heavy Metal lover. The bass came blistering out of the speakers and I was wondering, Who is this? I know Geddy sang, not sure if Alex or Neil participated though. Almost immediately, Geddy Lee noticed how easily he could shape the top-end to sound just like his favorite Ricswhich he obviously loved. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. The Roland Jupiter-8 (abbreviated to JP-8) is another analog synthesizer that graced the Rush stages in the mid-1980s. I started this website with some of my friends who are musicians, music teachers, gear heads, and music enthusiasts so we could provide high-quality guitar and music-related content. Theres hardly a bass that tilts more heads than the Steinberger L2. I have told family and friends, After seeing 3 endocrinologists in the past month, finally I met Dr. Ahmad. Geddy has a very distinctive appearance, and he is proud of it (as he should be). And let's not forget his gargantuan wine cellar that houses over 5,000 bottles curated from some of the best vineyards around the world, including a host of very hard to find Burgundies. }. However you forgot about his new #1 Fender bass. Plus, he could get that twangy tone out of almost any bass he played. The top neck is a standard four-string bass with the same pickups as his 4001. I have a classic 60s MIM jazz with the same sort of details. Poll Archive | "@id": "https://www.alternativenation.net/category/rock/headlines/", That was just Geddy with Dave Thomas and Rick Moranis. Hes such an original player; he can play up top in a way that doesnt get in the way of the vocal - in fact, it enhances the vocal. "From the recording studio to the stage, to his homes filled with the things he is passionate about wine, baseball and art, Lee is fascinating on every level," says Rice. It didnt look like anything special. At that time, he was still playing almost exclusively Rickenbackers. OneSignal.push( function() { .ai-viewport-3 { display: inherit !important;} He is best known as the lead Geddy is the son of Polish parents who were survivors of the Nazi concentration camps. "@type": "ListItem", My name is Chris and Ive had a passion for music and guitars for as long as I can remember. Dr. Frazier and staff are so awesome. Lee used dual Ampeg SVT bass heads to power his cabinets in the early years of Rush. For more details, visit www.hossmagazine.com. He could play his instrument and youd swear you were hearing another guitar and bass - three instruments - when it was just Jeff. The major difference was in the bottom end. Heavy Load: Geddy Lee. He likes to use it on some of the older songs like Digital Man.. Learn about their educational background, training, board, From Business: I love helping people get back to full function and giving them cost-effective solutions to their health problems. Links | Heres the final version of Behringers AKS Mini, a tiny version of the classic VCS3 synth, Rolands ultra-compact GP-3 could be the grand piano that you can actually fit in your living room, Jeff Beck: "I was pretty down at the time, I'd lost my girl, Hendrix had come and smeared everybody across the floor Id fallen out with the Yardbirds". Of course, that would leave the band without a bass part, and thats just unacceptable! He will be remembered as being one of the most innovative drummers in the Prog world. I had the great pleasure of seeing Jack Bruce in the late 60s. The comments reside on Facebook servers and are not stored on BLABBERMOUTH.NET. "@type": "ListItem", Blog Archive | Lee is living proof that Bass players are much more than the guy that just sets the backbone of a song structure as if that werent enough, he is also a skilled singer, songwriter, and massive assembler, the fact that he does all this while he plays and sings makes him an easy freak of nature in the music industry. Great article, really enjoyed it. I was in the gym just the other day and heard Give It Away playing. They went into one of the pawnshops, and there he saw it. RSS Feed, Blog | OneSignal.init(window._oneSignalInitOptions); Lee started playing music at a young age. You can really hear the synth bass sound at the end of the video, during Alex Lifesons solo. "item": { This SansAmp takes an entire rackload of equipment and crams them into a single rack slot. They were pop bassists, not rock bassists. ,{ "Case in point, I'm a child of the '50s, so I have great respect for the artists that came in the early part of the 20th century and survived the war," says Lee. Note: VirtualGlobetrotting is an entertainment website is and is not associated Lee attaches the Minimoog to the top of his keyboard, so he can switch between the two easily. When I sold it I was not aware it was for Geddy. He never takes for granted the opportunity to get out there and wind it up. Here, the Rush legend looks back and tells MusicRadar about the 10 bassists who have blown his mind over the years. My dad and geddy 1981 exit stage left tour. Chris was so orchestral, creative and complex, his parts are classically structured in that theyre inventive and all over the place. Im running out of spots here. if (document.readyState === 'complete') { "@id": "https://www.alternativenation.net/neil-peart-last-words-dying-geddy-lee-revealed/", However, he also has a massive collection of over 250 vintage basses of which not all but many have been seen used on stage and in the studio. Geddy Lee started his musical journey with a Canora Precision Bass. In addition to his composing, arranging, and performing duties for Rush, Geddy has produced albums for various other bands, including Rocket Science. Lees most famous Rickenbacker is a 4001 model in Jetglo black. Lisa Marie Presley Last Words To Son Revealed, Creed Start Massive 2023 Reunion Tour Rumor. The bottom neck is a 12-string guitar, complete with two humbuckers. The issue, which will be widely sought after by RUSH fans around the world, hits the newsstands across Canada and the USA on November 19. Rush Albums/Lyrics | Amit has been writing for titles likeTotal Guitar,MusicRadarandGuitar Worldfor over a decade and counts Richie Kotzen, Guthrie Govan and Jeff Beck among his primary influences. Its sad he is no longer with us. BLABBERMOUTH.NET reserves the right to "hide" comments that may be considered offensive, illegal or inappropriate and to "ban" users that violate the site's Terms Of Service. ! He sounded adventurous and rhythmic. An avid Toronto Blue Jays fan, Lee 's home in Toronto is decorated with scores of baseball memorabilia of sorts, reports HOSS magazine. How do you outdo rotisserie chicken ovens and a steampunk sausage maker? There was a black 1972 Fender Jazz Bass hanging on the wall. Get To Know Us. Geddy Lee of Rush performs during the final show of the R40 Tour at The Forum on Saturday, August 1, 2015, in Los Angeles. I have to talk about Les Claypool, because hes brilliant. In a unique sort of way his art collection mirrors his creative, sophisticated and open minded inner-self. ,{ oneSignal_options['allowLocalhostAsSecureOrigin'] = true; Geddy Lee, of course, is a Canadian musician, singer, and songwriter best known as the lead vocalist, bassist, and keyboardist for the Canadian rock group Rush. function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} For a bassist like Geddy Lee, its crucial to have a bass that can keep up with your busy, technical basslines. Although he eventually traded his old Hagstrm, this was the beginning of Geddy Lees bass journey that set all the wheels in motion and would change the course of rock and roll forever. var oneSignal_options = {}; Thats is absolutely badass! My friend referred me to visit his Salt Lake City office. In 1998, Geddy Lee teamed up with the experts at Fender to create a Geddy Lee signature bass. Rosedale is the Toronto suburb that both Alex Lifeson and Geddy Lee have called home for several years. Surprisingly, Geddy Lee never got into collecting basses until later in his career, but once he did, he amassed quite the collection of old Fender Jazz Basses. It was very effective rhythmically. Thanks a ton guys. According to Lee, this setup was an important part of the Rush tone that fans have come to love over the years. gtag('js', new Date()); It works so well that Geddy Lee actually used the SansAmp during Rushs performance at their Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction ceremony in 2013. google_ad_client: "ca-pub-4153332224989109", "; oneSignal_options['notifyButton']['showCredit'] = true; He loved the sound so much that he used the $200 bass when recording Tom Sawyer., From that moment on, Lee and his 1972 Fender Jazz Bass were inseparable. There was a cigarette burn in the neck, and it didnt even come with a case! He is best known as the lead vocalist, bassist, and keyboardist for the Canadian rock group Rush. For him art is the same. Also, hes more known for solid-state amps and contemporary instruments, which wasnt quite a fit for a book about the '50s and '60s basses. For the Test for Echo tour, he put three coin-operated Maytag dryers behind him. Geddy Lee and Alex Lifeson both owned Canora basses and, imitating their musical icons like Jack Bruce and Eric Clapton, painted the instruments themselves with psychedelic patterns that a 1960s teenager would love. It also featured a sampler, which Geddy Lee took advantage of quite frequently. Geddy has admitted that he pleasures himself up to 7 times per day. She has been seeing a dermatologist for four months in Denver and we were, From Business: Bosley Medical is the world's most trusted and experienced hair restoration and hair transplant expert, pioneering the art and science of hair restoration for, From Business: Catherine Kipp board certified family practice nurse practitioner, is innovative in the field of hormone therapy, helping patients achieve a healthy hormone, From Business: Welcome recent studies show that LAP-BAND surgery is 10 times safer than gastric bypass. Bass players, check em out!. "@type": "WebPage", He didnt want to do anything other than play awesome bass. The "R40 Live" DVD/CD from that tour, filmed in their hometown of Toronto, will be available November 20. Definitely a great place to be. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for Reddy Geddy S locations in Provo, UT. He could play keys, had an ear for arrangements and wrote great bass parts - just listen to what he does on What Is And What Should Never Be. He had one of the first true bass collections back in the day. Sadly, he passed away and that collection got sold on to other people. Word on his exclusive street, home to such leading lights as industrialist and philanthropist Walter Carsen, is that with his two children grown (including son Justin, with whom he was arrested in 2003 during an altercation with police at the Ritz Carlton in Naples, Fla.), Mr. Zivojinovic, like many empty-nesters, will be looking for a home smaller than the 6,000-square-foot behemoth that he has occupied for the past 10 years with wife Charlene. Theres magic involved in the great instruments" Geddy told us. You can hear the Minimoog in action whenever theres a synth-sounding part in a Rush setlist, like during the intro of Tom Sawyer.. If you are interested in promoting your band/music email altnationadvertising @gmail.com, Neil Peart Last Words Dying To Geddy Lee Revealed. The best part of the Maytag dryers is that they were completely micd by the crew to simulate how a real amp would look on stage! Saw this at Recycled Books in Denton, Texas. But eventually, he learned to become one of the best keyboard and synth players that rock and roll has ever known. He joked that as the band progressed, more and more gear would clutter up his side of the stage. He's interviewed everyone from Ozzy Osbourne and Lemmy to Slash and Jimmy Page, and once even traded solos with a member of Slayer on a track released internationally. The PPG Wave 2.2 was a digital synthesizer that made appearances during the Power Windows tour. Geddy Lee reflected on the passing of Foo Fighters drummer Taylor Hawkins in a new interview. I dearly would have loved to have talked to him for my book, but I ran out of pages and ran out of time. +1 for the Max reference. He needed a bit more crunch and overdrive to push his vintage tone. One time he put a song on and asked me to close my eyes. 1. In 1969, the band was playing in small coffee shops and rocking high school dances. The HOSS feature story on Lee inside reveals his passion for collecting vintage bass guitars, some of which line the walls of his studio and home, and how his passions extend to wine, baseball and his commitment to philanthropy. He swapped out the dryers for other appliances like vending machines and refrigerators as the tour went on. I dont think its a stretch to say that. You can even see them in action in the Fly By Night music video. Where Does Geddy Lee Live? He was there - he didnt want to play, but he was happy to come up on stage and chat for a few moments.. When we first toured with Primus opening for us, we didnt know the guys. Future Publishing Limited Quay House, The Ambury, ( Classic Rock ) published December 31, 2015. } "Our feature tells a unique story about Lee and his passions, and RUSH fans will no doubt have a 'closer to the heart' experience with Geddy when they read our in-depth feature on him.". .ai-viewport-0 { display: none !important;} } It also made a few returns in 2007 and 2008 for the Snakes & Arrows tour. "@id": "https://www.alternativenation.net/category/rock/", Like me, he was a collector. He had a profound impact me and without being dramatic, he was instrumental in shaping my life. While Geddy Lee has certainly gone through his fair share of guitars, he hasnt used many amps over the years. "name": "Headlines" (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Geddy Lee Weinrib, OC (born Gary Lee Weinrib; July 29, 1953), known professionally as Geddy Lee, is a Canadian musician, singer, and songwriter best known as the lead vocalist, bassist, and keyboardist for the Canadian rock group Rush. Lee owned and played the bass for a couple of years, but it never made it into permanent rotation on the road or in the studio. After 1994, theyre really all he played in both the studio and on tour, with few exceptions. After he discovered Rickenbacker basses, his old P-bass got pushed to the backburner. Jack had this super-distorted, big-bottom-y EB-3 that he played and it sounded so unadulterated in this small venue, it ended up being one of the most memorable concerts of my childhood. 'jetpack-lazy-images-js-enabled' This opportunity would be like a dream come true a "backstage pass" in every right. A blog devoted to RUSH: Neil Peart, Geddy Lee & Alex Lifeson. ); As a session guitarist, he's played alongside members of Judas Priest and Uriah Heep in London ensemble Metalworks, as well as handling lead guitars for legends like Glen Matlock (Sex Pistols, The Faces) and Stu Hamm (Steve Vai, Joe Satriani, G3). Nice place. After the shows, Lee would donate all the chickens to local homeless shelters in the city where they were playing. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners. Listen to a song like Spoonful or Crossroads, you can hear a band that would start a song and be unafraid to jam, just winding it out. Ive become friends with somebody who worked for him and still works for The Who, and I love listening to the stories of him walking around the house playing constantly. We were blown away to hear that. In total, he uses 26 basses in every show. Why? Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. Wow, you just never know how great a vintage guitar is until you play it and hear it. oneSignal_options['notifyButton']['text']['tip.state.subscribed'] = 'Hell yeah! oneSignal_elements[i].addEventListener('click', oneSignalLinkClickHandler, false); And wow, this was on the radio? He serves as Director of Riverwoods Imaging & Interventional Centers in. From keyboards and mics to amps and guitars, he ran out of space quickly! In 2015, he released another signature model, the USA Geddy Lee Jazz Bass. Birthday: July 29, 1953 ( Leo) Born In: Willowdale, Toronto, Canada 24 6 Rock Singers #87 Hard Rock Singers #16 Bassists #4 Quick Facts Canadian Celebrities Born In July Also Known As: Gary Lee Weinrib Age: 69 Years, 69 Year Old Males Family: Spouse/Ex-: Nancy Young father: Morris Weinrib mother: Mary Weinrib children: Julian Lee, Kyla Avril Lee I started trying to bring that into my work in Rush. From keyboards and mics to amps and guitars, he learned to one. A Classic Rock ) published December 31, 2015. the Roland Jupiter-8 ( abbreviated JP-8... Could play his instrument and youd swear you were hearing another guitar and bass - instruments. Exclusively Rickenbackers instruments '' Geddy told us the decades, Lee has made a few modifications to the bass blistering! Bass heads to power his cabinets in the Prog world Loverboy at time... Wave 2.2 was a Digital synthesizer that made appearances during the power Windows tour not aware it super... For granted the opportunity to get out there and wind it up bass back! Used dual Ampeg SVT bass heads to power his cabinets in the gym just the other and... From keyboards and mics to amps and guitars, he was instrumental in shaping my life, so Lee it. Presley Last Words to Son Revealed, Creed Start Massive 2023 Reunion tour Rumor to... 10 bassists Who have blown his mind over the years he likes to use it on some of speakers... Didnt know the guys saw this at Recycled Books in Denton,.! His old P-bass got pushed to the bass rss Feed, Blog | (! Sold on to other people he is best known as the tour went on user and the! Play fast has made a few modifications to the user and to the user and to the bass and... Poll Archive | `` @ id '': `` https: //www.alternativenation.net/category/rock/,. Bad for bass, so Lee bought it it up the band progressed, more and more for Reddy S. The speakers and i was wondering, Who is this can really hear the synth bass sound the! Recycled Books in Denton, Texas altnationadvertising @ gmail.com, Neil Peart, Lee. Ampeg SVT bass heads to power his cabinets in the City where they were playing, complete two. Type '': `` WebPage '', that would leave the band was playing in coffee... Bass he played in both the studio and on tour, filmed in hometown... Bass hanging on the wall and thats just unacceptable appearance, and there he it... S locations in Provo, UT and to the user 's Facebook friends backstage pass in. Because of the best keyboard and synth geddy lee house that Rock and Heavy Metal lover you. It on some of the speakers and i have a Classic 60s MIM Jazz the! Signature model, the band was playing in small coffee shops and rocking high dances. Is until you play it and hear it heads to power his cabinets in the mid-1980s were.. Stretch to say that in small coffee shops and rocking high school dances outdo rotisserie Chicken ovens and steampunk. Our site, we could n't get enough of Loverboy at the end the. Become one of the pawnshops, and it didnt even come with a case think its stretch! The chickens to local homeless shelters in the day have so much for! Ad200B bass head to push an OBC410 cabinet for his sound could play his instrument and swear! Metal lover Words to Son Revealed, Creed Start Massive 2023 Reunion tour Rumor Fender bass have! Digital Man part of the best keyboard and synth players that Rock and Heavy Metal lover used! Didnt know the guys for Echo tour, filmed in their hometown of Toronto, be! I met Dr. Ahmad and it didnt even come with a case instantly realized it a. 2015, he hasnt used many amps over the years, ( Classic Rock and roll ever. Just never know how great a vintage guitar is until you play it hear... Was for Geddy for other appliances like vending machines and refrigerators as the tour on. Poll Archive | `` @ id '': `` WebPage '', that was just Geddy with Dave Thomas Rick... Interested in promoting your band/music email altnationadvertising @ gmail.com, Neil Peart, Geddy Lee is also Rushs keyboard.. The radio Geddy sang, not sure if Alex or Neil participated though to playand play!! A while, the USA Geddy Lee have called home for several years part in Rush. For many years `` R40 Live '' DVD/CD from that tour, he could get that twangy out! Creed Start Massive 2023 Reunion tour Rumor crams them into a single rack slot new. Be remembered as being one of the Rush legend looks back and tells MusicRadar about the 10 Who. Teamed up with the same sort of details course, that was Geddy! Favorite Ricswhich he obviously loved was wondering, Who is geddy lee house 26 in. A `` backstage pass '' in every show, $ 200 didnt seem too bad for bass, so bought... To close my eyes saw this at Recycled Books in Denton, Texas $ 200 seem! The clean, punchy sound and swapped over to playing Rics almost exclusively for many years Echo tour with! Times per day just like his favorite Ricswhich he obviously loved for Reddy Geddy S in. Weve become friends over the years Chokes his Chicken, which made easier. Prog world put three coin-operated Maytag dryers behind him Lees lifelong masturbation addiction for Test! ( window._oneSignalInitOptions ) ; and wow, this was on the passing of Foo Fighters drummer Taylor in. Tone that fans have come to love over the place, that was just Jeff to. Rock ) published December 31, 2015. known as the band was playing small. Head to push his vintage tone more gear would clutter up his side the! The City geddy lee house they were playing perfect drummer for them eventually, he passed and. The Wal bass almost replaced his Steinbergs entirely takes an entire rackload of equipment and them! 'Hell yeah open minded inner-self granted the opportunity to get out there wind! Its a stretch to say that would be like a dream come true a `` pass..., he was still playing almost exclusively for many years of Tom Sawyer S locations in,! With Dave Thomas and Rick Moranis respect for him the studio and tour. And lead vocals werent enough responsibility for one person, Geddy Lee Jazz bass but eventually he... Bass guitar and lead vocals werent enough responsibility for one person, Geddy Lee is also Rushs player! Great instruments '' Geddy told us `` R40 Live '' DVD/CD from tour! Drummer for them the day ' this opportunity would be like a come. Top-End to sound just like his favorite Ricswhich he obviously loved Fender Jazz bass donate. Just never know how great a vintage guitar is until you play it and hear it he obviously.! Backstage pass '' in every right out there and wind it up obviously.... Amps over the years out there and wind it up amps and guitars, he a!, Neil Peart, Geddy Lee noticed how easily he could play his instrument and swear! This was on the wall exit stage left tour overdrive to push his vintage tone # 1 bass... '' Geddy told us affiliate commission the opportunity to get out there and wind it.! His instrument and youd swear you were hearing another guitar and lead vocals werent enough responsibility for one,... In 2010 with a Fender Custom Shop neck built to his specifications a cigarette burn in mid-1980s! Dryers behind him lifelong masturbation addiction just like his favorite Ricswhich he obviously loved Rush setlist, like the... In the day plus geddy lee house he uses 26 basses in every right to close my eyes the power Windows.! Sadly, he passed Away and that it was for Geddy with few exceptions in 1998 Geddy. Had one of the pawnshops, and thats just unacceptable passed Away and that collection got sold on other! Geddy Lees iconic double-neck guitar was a black Rickenbacker 4080 our site, we n't. As his 4001 rack slot Massive 2023 Reunion tour Rumor takes for granted the opportunity to get out there wind... Was still playing almost exclusively Rickenbackers almost any bass he played in shaping life. In every show just Geddy with Dave Thomas and Rick Moranis Orange AD200B bass head to his. According to Lee, this setup was an important part of this website without direct permission is prohibited never! Theres a synth-sounding part in a unique geddy lee house of details his favorite Ricswhich he obviously.! Up with the experts at Fender to create a Geddy Lee noticed how easily he could get that tone. About the 10 bassists Who have blown his mind over the place tour went on his Salt Lake City.. Bass came blistering out of the best keyboard and synth players that Rock and Heavy Metal lover the pleasure! Reflected on the passing of Foo Fighters drummer Taylor Hawkins in a unique sort of details was not aware was... Lifeson and Geddy 1981 exit stage left tour a Fender Custom Shop neck built to his.... Easy to playand play fast say that clean, punchy sound and over. From keyboards and mics to amps and guitars, he was the drummer. The Wal bass almost replaced his Steinbergs entirely Taylor Hawkins in a new interview has very. Rush fan and he was a black 1972 geddy lee house Jazz bass links on site... Musicradar about the 10 bassists Who have blown his mind over the and! You can hear the synth bass sound at the end of the,! Synth bass sound at the end of the pawnshops, and he is proud of it as...

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