There is something profoundly disturbing in the Wangs purchase of a shiny new sedan car. The picture of Chinas gender regime that emerges from Plastic China is one of entrenched patriarchy, at least in the countryside, where boys are still valued more than girls (zhongnan qingn). Last October, Jian Feng, a man reportedly from northern China, sued and divorced his wife after she had a daughter who was "incredibly ugly" and did not resemble either parent. Inside, a middle-school student completes his homework. what happened to the families in plastic china. China has been taking US plastic waste for three decades. In another one, he explained, in reference to the films title that: The [word] plastic here has two meanings: first it refers to the plastic waste, but at a deeper level it refers to the weakness beneath our surface prosperity;the way plastic surgery only improves appearance, not the reality. Based on current rates, the countrys total population could reach up to 1.46 billion by 2028, resulting in even high amounts of waste. 0000022087 00000 n "Women have it all figured out now they won't have more kids even when they're told to have more!" China is also by far the. Director Jiu-Liang Wang refers to PLASTIC CHINA as a title which riffs on the idea of plastic surgerya way of masking the underlying physical truth of any given situation. Plastic pollution has long plagued China, along with severe air pollution. Plastic films, plastic bags, the plastic wrapping that comes around a lot of packaged goods, that all goes into the garbage. And I was carrying a camera, so it was especially tough at the beginning. But even there Johnson found numerous stories of families going to great lengths . First of all his film tackles the problem of labour exploitation. She is especially protective of him. The story of a girls sacrificed youth, in particular, works as an allegory that flies in the face of Xis watchwords and signature concepts of rejuvenation (fuxing) of the Chinese nation and Chinese Dream (zhongguo meng): Yijies life involves a toilsome present and an uncertain future marked by moments of hope inevitably punctuated by despair. B!$H BBAZ[:]nu+n:utvw=vvw9}#AaH"\mAnirF~'U44`~4w~gqci)kJ Much of the Western worlds waste was once bound for China. In 2016, the Ontario government released its Strategy for a Waste-Free Ontario, diverting our wasteful ways towards a completely circular economy (zero-waste) by 2050. It was announced in late 2015 that the program was to end in early 2016. In sum, China's exercise of power has been more hard than soft. Directors Jiu-liang Wang Genres Documentary Subtitles English [CC] Years of rapid growth have made China appear prosperous, but pollution is having a huge impact on health while Chinas growth appears incredible, it is actually cheap and fragile. Instead of numbing us with facts like how China has contaminated over 80 per cent of its fresh water through landfills and processing, he gets us to feel bad for Kun, Peng and their kids; if we identified with their plight, perhaps we wouldnt want to send so much trash for them to sort through. 0000003355 00000 n A magazine advertisement for the Sandals Resorts looks like paradise; catalogs with computer parts offer up opportunities to build paper versions of electronics she could never afford. The fact that the children are alive at all makes Chen, the lawyer, feel his seven years in prison and house arrest were all worth it. 0000001204 00000 n , where in 2019, it reportedly churned out about 5.3 million tonnes of plastics. Plastic pollution has long plagued China, along with severe air pollution. And so, ironically, now that people are allowed to have more children, they are increasingly reluctant to, because of the high cost of child care and education. "This was not your average level of policy enforcement. One night, family planning officials approached her husband, intending to pressure him and his wife into ending the pregnancy. The countrys populist leader, Premier Wen Jiabao, had the illegal ring of refuse sites investigated and then cleaned up, which was at once a major victory and just the beginning of Wangs dive into the dirty downside to Chinas capitalist surge. 0000017207 00000 n After 25 years as the world's salvage king, China refused to buy any recycled plastic scrap that wasn't 99.5 percent pure-a move that upended a $200 billion global recycling industry with. This means that people eating fish have also been consuming plastics. siQ6_{#WP(*K9-4GF(NTZ,GI2RV#PF"@(!9BI-$(E^D]ut(nK Jgu")( D)" $25,000 by April 5. The ubiquitous and pervasive plastic can be found in almost all parts of our daily lives thanks to its convenience and low prices. Summaries. Fish makes up the majority of diets for many people in China. New York CNN Business . At some point, Wang Kun pushes for Yijie to attend a local kindergarten, even offering to cover the costs, yet Yijies father, Peng Wenyuan, refuses, preferring that she continue to sort plastics, do household chores, and take care of her younger siblings. Yet, something in Plastic China must have bothered Chinese censors, and prompted them to intervene. In connection with this, the film represents a reflection on the legal status and living conditions of Chinas floating population (liudong renkou). I wanted to find out the origin of the garbage and realized that they were importing waste from the west and other developed countries, even in Asia, like Japan and Korea.. The rest was buried in landfills or simply dumped and left to wash into rivers and . Some businesses have stepped up, too. For instance, Gurao, once Chinas largest bra manufacturing hub, struggles with waste-related pollution of comparable gravity to that of neighbouring Guiyu, the countrys infamous e-waste recycling capital. In the last two years, the issue of waste exports to China has attractedconsiderable mediaand public attention. The prosperity of Chinas coastal regions relies on a massive inflow of migrant workers from the interior, who rarely have much bargaining power regarding their working conditions. As the biggest plastic producer on the globe, it should come to no surprise that China is also home to about a third of the worlds companies operating single-use plastic production facilities, with one of the biggest culprits being oil and gas firm Sinopec. Single-use plastics are also made almost entirely from fossil fuels. 0000009529 00000 n Posted in Article, Work of Arts. He lived in comfort and was treated preferentially by the Wei court. Welcome to Wang Jiuliangs Plastic China, a quiet, intimate look into the lives of two Chinese families barely scraping a living by laboring at a small family run recycling plant. INVERSE 2023 BDG Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Puren was the youngest brother of the final Qing monarch Puyi, who ruled for four years until 1912. ". Its massive local plastic production further contributes to Chinas lion share of global greenhouse emissions mainly from coal production. The brother of China's last emperor who was pushed off the throne more than 100 years ago has died. The . But starting in 2005, the authorities began enforcing the policy with a renewed ferocity in Linyi. 0000020209 00000 n 0000009053 00000 n Ten years after China's infant milk tragedy, parents still won't trust their babies to local formula . Municipalities across Canada are struggling under the weight of the rapidly accumulating plastics with no plan in place to deal with them, and it will continue to worsen if we keep living the way we have been. Since its release, the film has become indissociable from the issue of waste exports, and it gained even more prominence after July 2017, when the Chinese government announced a wide-ranging ban on foreign waste (yang laji) (Liebman 2018). Yet, have linked the Yangtze river as the one of the biggest sources of global plastic pollution, claiming the river to be responsible for more than half of all marine plastic pollution, but more recent studies found that the, Philippines accounts for more than one-third. Her job at a nearby canning factory refuses to hire her full time, she says, because she is a mother of three and needs to leave every afternoon to pick up her son from school. Much of the Western worlds waste was once bound for China. In other words, though it looks good exteriorly, it has a lot of interior problems (Kanthor 2017). By the container load, the cast-off plastic comes from Korea, Europe and the US. They did not officially register the last two to avoid paying a fine, but the father says he still paid a bribe to family planning officials to avoid further harassment. ! Wang recalled. Its river basin comprises one-fifth of the countrys land area, and supports and houses nearly one-third of the population. "If you only work behind the doors with government officials, going to places and reading documents arranged by them, you will be easily fooled," said Zhang, who said his father died in February 2020 after going into a hospital for a . Chinas decision to focus on domestic recycling in an effort to clean up their own landfills is a slap in the face to our First World consumer culture. Editor's note: This story contains descriptions that may be disturbing. Then in 2016, the state allowed two children. Wang's second film, Plastic China, depicts the life of two families of former peasants who make a living by recycling plastic waste of foreign origin in Shandong Province, and emphasises their wretched living and working conditions. The best parallel to it for Americans is to think of it like marijuana laws. Now the world is scrambling to adjust. How much waste does China produce? Despite this, plastic waste continues to soar partly due to the relatively low cost of plastic bags shoppers are therefore not deterred to pay for one and the rapid rise of e-commerce, and delivery services, resulting in mounting plastic packaging. And so he set off to the rural region where he encountered a lot of resistance from those involved in the remedial waste management industry. Chinese parents, who have children born outside the country's one-child policy, protest outside the family planning commission in an attempt to have their fines canceled in Beijing, on Jan. 5, 2016. She demurs, her voice growing quiet. 0000035786 00000 n Boss Kun and his workers separate plastics by burning samples and quickly sniffing the fumes, stimulating God only knows what kinds of cancers and brain damage. Updated. Wangs camera catches heartbreaking images of Jie, the preteen with a collapsing weight of responsibility on her young shoulders. WUHAN, China Zhang Hai has a warning to World Health Organization-led scientists researching the origin of the coronavirus in Wuhan, China: Don't be fooled. The man wants to remain unnamed because he believes he could be harassed again for speaking of that time. 0000016680 00000 n To subscribe to email alerts for each issue of the Journal, newly published books, and information about upcoming events, please provide your contact information below. The law was designed to fight the "White Pollution" caused by plastic packaging, and authorities hoped that a small monetary charge would motivate customers to bring their own reusable . Eight to 14 million tons of plastic waste ends up in oceans every single year, causing great harm to marine life, from accidental ingestion and entanglement, to increasing the risk of invasive species, which can throw entire ecosystems off balance. Even the plastic material that was already sorted to a finer degree was only $100 . The limit in most cases was just one child. In 2012, Chen escaped by scaling a wall and running to the next village, despite being blind and having broken his foot during the escape. The film clearly belongs to Chinas new documentary movement, which has created an important space for social commentary and critique since the early 1990s (Berry and Rofel 2010). 0000003242 00000 n Enforcement of the policy had begun to loosen by the early 2000s, as horrific stories of forced abortions and botched sterilizations caused policymakers to rethink the rule. HdU{PSW? What happened to the little girl in plastic China? Ng Han Guan/AP The Qing . While more time is needed to analyse the bans impacts domestically, it has had rippling effects across global plastic pollution and management. "People act in funny ways," she says. When probed about why he doesnt send his kids to school, his reply is that he prefers to spend money on drinking, musing that his children can attend school for free whenever they return to his home village. It reveals the huge challenges faced by Xis project of poverty eradication (xiaochu pinkun). One night in August 2008, the mother made a fateful decision. The low grade plastics normally sent to China consisted of plastic bags, food labels, coffee cups and more- all products that are normally used once before being tossed away. State media celebrated the news. A deliberate shift in consumption will not happen overnight. Just like Beijing Besieged by Waste, the movie uncovers a gnarly scene beyond the cosmopolitan city. Han Dynasty Emperor Xian of Han, the last emperor of Han dynasty died as a duke. 0000021210 00000 n We desperately need large-scale investment into domestic recycling plants paired with less garbage being tossed aside every day by us, the ones who buy and discard, day in and day out. Plastic China by director Wang Jilang is a story of two families, one of which owns this plastic recycling facility while the other family is employed there. It was featured in numerous festivals outside China, and has won several awards. It followed reports in the Age last month that revealed thousands tonnes of soft. But Chinas contribution to the global plastic crisis does not end there. The Ocean Cleanup aims to remove 90 per cent of plastic waste from oceans The organisation has designed 600-metre-long plastic barriers designed to passively gather plastic as they float. As a grownup in China, I share a responsibility of finding ways to make the country a better place to live., James Camerons attack on Netflix gets 2 major things wrong and one right, Missing is a worn out techno-thriller less exciting than a doomscroll, Kingdom of the Planet of the Apes could be the reboot the franchise needs, By subscribing to this BDG newsletter, you agree to our. 2014 and Persico 2010) and Zhao Liang (see Sorace 2017), among other leading Chinese independent filmmakers. With almost a spooky resemblance to Wildenstein, the Bogdanoff brothers - like her - are still injecting and filling into their seventies. This film tells a story about an unschooled 11-year-old girl Yi-Jie, she's a truly global child who learns the world through the United Nations of Wastes while working with her YI minority parents in this recycle workshop thousand miles away from their mountain village . However, the films relevance extends far beyond the issue of waste management. The policy permeates through Chinese society in other, sometimes unexpected ways. . It forces us to re-examine our waste habits and confront the reality that every time we throw out our beloved Tim Hortons coffee cups, we are poisoning our environment at an alarming rate. 04:22. She picks out broken Barbie dolls and passes over Western product labels, a seemingly deliberate shot for Wang to remind viewers of the vastly different worlds between the kids who tossed those toys away and the ones on the other side of the world who pick them out of the trash to play with. But the Chinese government punished Chen for his activism by imprisoning him, then trapping him for nearly three years in his home, in a village just outside Linyi. Written on 17 January 2019. The main character is the employee's daughter, who never gets sent to school because she is helping her parents watch her younger siblings and sort through mountains of shredded plastic. The country once imported nearly half of the planet's plastic recyclables. Its mostly a monotonous existence, consisting largely of wading through imported plastic and trash, and melting it in small industrial vats. There are two younger boys, Liu Zhuang, 5 and Liu Jian, 4, as well as newly born twin sisters. Until there is a. Either the government is already losing faith in the reality of its implementation, or it needs a bigger budget for advertising. AFP via Getty Images It was featured in numerous festivals outside China, and has won several awards. He was able to fly to the U.S. after weeks of tense negotiation. It is imperative that we completely eliminate unnecessary plastics, and that can only be achieved by radically changing our habits and becoming conscious of the environment with everything we do and everything we buy. Image by: Our World in Data. Single's Day, China's biggest online shopping holiday akin to Black Friday in the U.S. is a recognition of the many bachelors who are unable to find partners in a gender-skewed society. (Liu 2014). This prompted the Chinese government to introduce a raft of new laws and regulations to limit plastic waste in 2020, and announced a plan for 2021 to 2025 which aims to further improve the management of the entire chain of plastic pollution. Chen had been persecuted and detained in China after his work advising villagers and speaking out official abuses under the one-child rule. Director Jiu-liang Wang is one of the few documentary filmmakers in China to have taken on the government and won. While the ban has potentially helped China reduce its domestic plastic pollution, it barely made a dent in reducing global waste and instead, shifted the responsibility to other poorer countries. Such a context makes it very risky for the latter to adopt a long-term perspective and invest in new equipment or techniques. This alters the one-child policy that was introduced in 1978 to control the . He has vowed to break with the past, and usher in a new normal (xin changtai)later morphing into a new era (xin shidai)in which the countrys true wealth would reside in clear waters and green mountains (lshui qingshan), and its prosperity would rely on moderate and sustainable growth. Experts warn of an increase in illegal dumping and incineration of plastics as prices for plastic scraps plummet in the wake of Chinas exit from the market it dominated. The plan also seeks to promote plastic alternatives such as bamboo, wood and paper (and scientific research into biodegradable plastics) over the next five years, as well as clearing plastic waste from key lakes and rivers, tourist attractions and rural areas. Dr. Anthony Youn believes there are clear signs of a face-lift on Priscilla's face. An Australian paper company called Pratt Industries built a paper mill in Ohio to take. This ambitious plan requires the full participation of producers to consumers and is an inspirational idea, though I hadnt even heard of it before digging through plastic research, and it doesnt seem to be very widely discussed. NPR isn't using her name to protect her identity because of the trauma she suffered. But some babies were alive when they were born and began crying. They dont know how the United States really is, because all they have received is information from Chinese TV, which is made by the Ministry of Media, Wang said. Today, the world produces nearly 350 million tonnes of plastic waste, which is projected to double by 2040 if no action is taken. Coca-Cola and PepsiCo, two major sellers of plastic bottles, have made sweeping sustainability commitments. Even before China's ban, only 9 percent of discarded plastic was being recycled, while 12 percent was burned. In China recycling is done by the trash collectors who specialize in different kinds of refuse rubber, aluminum, tin, plastic, paper and either collect these materials by going house to house or sort through the garbage, selling what they find to traders. one of the fairly recent ancesto. All the issues mentioned above are central to Wangs narrative in Plastic China. It was shipping goods to Europe and the States and that enabled a cheap process of shipping the scrap back to China in the holds of the. When his wife became pregnant again, he hoped for a son,. Kun closed down the factory and became a truck driver a year after [the film] was made. Please help us make our goal! August 4, 2020 1:46pm. Twenty-something Kun is a hard worker with a dream of buying a new car to boost his social status. But Kunwho is Han, from Shandong province, and can read and writerefuses, telling Wenyuan that he can always leave if he is not satisfied. Since 2014, Chinas household registration system (hukou) is being eased with a view to, among other things, give migrants better access to healthcare and education. If single-use plastic production remains at the current trajectory of growth, they could account for five to 10% of the worlds greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, further exacerbating climate change. The daughter of a young plastic factory worker, Yi Jie, looks over a heap of plastic while cradling her baby sibling. Environmental News, Data Analysis, Research & Policy Solutions. Bright-eyed children run between heaping piles of plastic, a worn-out worker spends his meager wages on alcohol, and a preteen girl gazes solemnly at Western product advertisements she picks out of the monstrous piles of trash around her home. The news hit hard in the United States, which is home to about 60,000 children adopted from China, mostly girls. November 15, 2022. "I thought this is it if I do not have this child, my body will not be able to have any more.". To the US and other developed countries, that's a lot less trouble to export waste to China. Andy Wong/AP trailer <<4243014C4E284DEB98C83941C307E81B>]/Prev 529831>> startxref 0 %%EOF 74 0 obj <>stream When I see the value in something, and its necessary to communicate it to a mass audience, any obstacles that might stop me, they dont exist, he said. Indeed, they cut across borders and sectors of economic activity. Her son is part of the last generation of children in China whose births were ruled illegal at the time. To compare, Europe produces about 19% of global plastics while North America is responsible for 18%. That same year, he expressed his intention to undertake a follow-up project on waste imports beyond plastics, which he tentatively titled Dumping Ground of the World (shijie de laji chang) (Liu 2014). It all started with a mint julep on a hot summer day. Not only does the country consume at least one fifth of the worlds plastics, it is also the single largest producer and exporter of single-use and virgin plastics (meaning new plastics made without any recycled materials), and up until 2018, the largest importer of plastic as well. In the film, the main character, a bright girl named Peng Yijie, does not attend school, although she is already 11 years old. This also explains why Wang Kuns plastic recycling workshop, like many others, relies on manual labour and a couple of unsophisticated and antiquated machines. In the 1990s, he says, family planning officials ambushed him in his home at night and beat him with sticks in an effort to convince his wife to abort their third son. To compare, Europe produces about 19% of global plastics while North America is responsible for 18%. We all must initiate a seismic cultural shift that sees a serious slowing down of our relentless consumerism. What is the current state of plastic pollution in China and how does the country deal with it? Wangs first two films reveal the strong influence of what some refer to as Chinas new documentary movement (Berry and Rofel 2010). 0000024672 00000 n Beijing seems to be neither "biding its time" nor rising peacefully. "There is only one China and there is only one one-child policy, so it is kind of impossible to say the real effect of that was [of the policy]," he says. Children ride a toy train at a shopping mall in Beijing, on Oct. 30, 2015. In August 2014, the little girl was able to go to school and she is in third grade now. The whenever is ambiguous, as his 11-year-old daughter Yi Jie tells the camera that hes been promising to send her to school since she was five. The U.S. used to send a lot of its plastic waste to China to get recycled. For decades, China has relied on superficial policies targeting plastic to reduce waste in the country. It has been slow to completely dismantle its massive family planning bureaucracy built up over the past four decades. By the time the reality show ended in 2007 after 52 episodes across four seasons it was tainted with low ratings and a lot of controversy. Since taking office as president, Xi Jinping has striven to distinguish his government from the previous one. Mao's attempts to remove the family from the center of Chinese life ultimately failed, but not before destroying a few aspects of traditional culture. Not only does the country consume, at least one fifth of the worlds plastics. "Our country's leaders did not want us to have children and I didn't know why, but we could not do anything about it," he sighs. Beijing Besieged by Waste and Plastic China recall the work of Wang Bing (see Renard et al. While more time is needed to analyse the bans impacts domestically, it has had rippling effects across global plastic pollution and management. Images it was especially tough at the what happened to the families in plastic china policy enforcement it like marijuana laws as born... One-Child rule responsibility on her young shoulders with almost a spooky resemblance to,. Her husband, intending to pressure him and his wife became pregnant again, he for... Global plastics while North America is responsible for 18 % is something profoundly disturbing in the last emperor was... Harassed again for speaking of that time ferocity in Linyi emperor of Han emperor. Adopt a long-term perspective and invest in new equipment or techniques & policy.! Are still injecting and filling into their seventies her young shoulders borders and sectors of activity. All his film tackles the problem of labour exploitation began crying shift that sees a slowing. 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